What is pH?
The term pH stands for "potential of Hydrogen." It is a numeric scale used to specify the acidity or basicity (alkalinity) of an aqueous solution.
The scale typically ranges from 0 to 14. Solutions with a pH less than 7 are acidic, while solutions with a pH greater than 7 are basic or alkaline. Pure water is neutral, with a pH of exactly 7.0 at room temperature.
Logarithmic Nature
It is a logarithmic scale, inversely indicating the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in the solution. This means that a difference of one pH unit reflects a ten-fold difference in ion concentration. For example, a solution with a pH of 3 is 10 times more acidic than a solution with a pH of 4 and 100 times more acidic than a solution with a pH of 5.